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{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Alibaba Group
| name = Alibaba Group
| legal_name = Alibaba Group Holding Limited<ref name="FY2026">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited: Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 March 2026'', 20 May 2026, [https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000119312526231755/baba-20260331.htm SEC filing]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
| legal_name = Alibaba Group Holding Limited
| native_name = 阿里巴巴集團控股有限公司
| type = Public company
| type = Public company
| industry = E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence; Internet services; logistics
| industry = E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence
| traded_as = NYSE: BABA; HKEX: 9988<ref name="June2026">Alibaba Group Holding Limited, ''June Quarter 2026 Results'', 20 August 2026, [https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000110465926099220/tm2623667d1_ex99-1.htm U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
| traded_as = NYSE: BABA; HKEX: 9988 (HKD counter), 89988 (RMB counter)
| founded = 1999<ref name="About">Alibaba Group, "Introduction to Alibaba Group", [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
| founded = 1999
| founders = [[Jack Ma]] and 17 co-founders<ref name="About"/>
| founders = [[Jack Ma]] and 17 others
| headquarters = [[Hangzhou]], Zhejiang, China<ref name="FY2026"/>
| headquarters = [[Hangzhou]], Zhejiang, China
| area_served = Worldwide<ref name="FY2026"/>
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = [[Joe Tsai]] (chairman); [[Eddie Wu]] (chief executive officer)<ref name="Leadership">Alibaba Group, "Leadership", [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
| key_people = [[Joe Tsai]] (chairman); [[Eddie Wu]] (chief executive officer)
| products = E-commerce platforms; cloud and artificial intelligence products; digital media products<ref name="FY2026"/>
| services = E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence services; logistics; digital media
| services = Online retail and wholesale marketplaces; cloud computing; logistics; local consumer and digital services<ref name="FY2026"/>
| brands = [[Taobao]]; [[Tmall]]; [[Alibaba.com]]; [[1688.com|1688]]; [[AliExpress]]; [[Lazada]]; [[Trendyol]]; [[Daraz]]; [[Alibaba Cloud]]; [[Cainiao]]; [[DingTalk]]
| brands = [[Taobao]]; [[Tmall]]; [[Alibaba.com]]; [[AliExpress]]; [[Alibaba Cloud]]; [[Cainiao]]; 1688; Lazada; Trendyol; Xianyu; Freshippo; Amap; Youku; DingTalk<ref name="FY2026"/>
| employees = 132,165
| divisions = Alibaba E-commerce Group; AI Cloud and Compute Services; AI Labs and Applications; All others<ref name="June2026"/>
| employees = 132,165<ref name="June2026"/>
| employees_as_of = 30 June 2026
| employees_as_of = 30 June 2026
| revenue = RMB 1.02367 trillion (US$148.401 billion)<ref name="FY2026"/>
| revenue = RMB1.02367 trillion
| revenue_as_of = Fiscal year ended 31 March 2026
| revenue_as_of = Fiscal year ended 31 March 2026
| website = https://www.alibabagroup.com/
| website = https://www.alibabagroup.com/
}}
}}


'''Alibaba Group''' is a multinational technology and commerce group founded in [[Hangzhou]], China. Its legal holding company, '''Alibaba Group Holding Limited''', is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, while the principal executive offices of its major businesses are in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.<ref name="FY2026"/> The group operates businesses in e-commerce, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, logistics, digital media and other technology-enabled services.<ref name="FY2026"/>
'''Alibaba Group Holding Limited''', commonly known as '''Alibaba Group''', is a multinational technology holding company founded in [[Hangzhou]], China, in 1999. Its businesses span e-commerce, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), logistics, digital media and other internet services. The company describes its current strategic focus as AI and cloud computing together with commerce and consumption.<ref name="about">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba "Introduction to Alibaba Group"]. ''Alibaba Group''. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="corpinfo">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/faqs-corporate-information "Corporate Information"]. ''Alibaba Group''. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


Alibaba was founded in 1999 by a group of 18 people led by former English teacher [[Jack Ma]].<ref name="About"/> Its first major business was Alibaba.com, an online wholesale marketplace intended to connect businesses, particularly Chinese suppliers, with buyers in other markets.<ref name="Origins">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited: Registration Statement on Form F-1'', 2014, [https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000119312514184994/d709111df1.htm SEC filing]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> The group later expanded into consumer e-commerce through Taobao and Tmall, cloud computing through Alibaba Cloud, international commerce, logistics and other digital services.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba was established by 18 founders led by former English teacher [[Jack Ma]]. It began as an online wholesale marketplace connecting Chinese exporters and entrepreneurs with overseas buyers.<ref name="corpinfo"/> The holding company is incorporated in the [[Cayman Islands]], while its main operating campus is in Hangzhou. Its securities are traded on the [[New York Stock Exchange]] under the symbol BABA and on the [[Hong Kong Stock Exchange]] under stock codes 9988 and 89988.<ref name="fy2026">[https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000119312526231755/baba-20260331.htm "Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026"]. ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited'' via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 20 May 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="investorfaq">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/faqs-investor-information "Investor Information"]. ''Alibaba Group''. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


Alibaba's American depositary shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol BABA, while its ordinary shares trade in Hong Kong under stock code 9988.<ref name="June2026"/> Hong Kong became a primary listing venue for the company in August 2024, giving Alibaba primary listings in both Hong Kong and New York.<ref name="DualPrimary">Alibaba Group Holding Limited, "Alibaba Voluntarily Converts to Dual Primary Listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange", 28 August 2024, [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1765436812471304192 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> For the fiscal year ended 31 March 2026, Alibaba reported revenue of RMB 1.024 trillion and net income of RMB 102.1 billion.<ref name="FY2026"/> It had 132,165 employees as of 30 June 2026.<ref name="June2026"/>
As of September 2026, [[Joe Tsai]] was chairman and [[Eddie Wu]] was chief executive officer.<ref name="about"/> For the fiscal year ended 31 March 2026, Alibaba reported revenue of RMB1.02367 trillion and net income of RMB102.127 billion.<ref name="fy2026"/> The company reported 132,165 employees as of 30 June 2026.<ref name="june2026">[https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000110465926099220/tm2623667d1_ex99-1.htm "Alibaba Group Announces June Quarter 2026 Results"]. ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited'' via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 20 August 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
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=== Founding and early development ===
=== Founding and early development ===


Alibaba was established in Hangzhou in 1999 by Jack Ma and 17 other founders.<ref name="About"/> The founding team initially developed Alibaba.com as an English-language business-to-business marketplace. A Chinese domestic wholesale marketplace, which later became known as 1688.com, was also established during the company's early development.<ref name="Origins"/>
Alibaba was founded in 1999 in Jack Ma's apartment in Hangzhou. That year, the group launched Alibaba.com, an international business-to-business marketplace, and 1688, a domestic wholesale marketplace in China.<ref name="prospectus2019">[https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2019/1115/9068936/2019111500061.pdf "Prospectus"]. ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited'' via Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> The company expanded into consumer e-commerce with the launch of [[Taobao]] in 2003. It launched Alipay in 2004, introduced [[Tmall]] as a business-to-consumer platform in 2008, established [[Alibaba Cloud]] in 2009, and launched [[AliExpress]] in 2010.<ref name="prospectus2019"/>


Alibaba entered consumer e-commerce in 2003 with the launch of [[Taobao]], a marketplace aimed at consumers in China.<ref name="Origins"/> It subsequently developed additional commerce services, including Tmall, which evolved as a platform focused on brands and retailers selling to consumers.<ref name="Origins"/> The company expanded beyond marketplaces by establishing Alibaba Cloud in 2009.<ref name="CloudHistory">Alibaba Group, "Alibaba Cloud Established", [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba-memorabilia-1496574971214823424 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
In August 2005, Alibaba and [[Yahoo!]] announced a strategic partnership in China. Yahoo contributed its Yahoo China business and invested US$1 billion in cash in exchange for an approximately 40% economic interest and 35% voting interest in Alibaba at the time, making Yahoo a major strategic shareholder.<ref name="yahoo2005">[https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1011006/000110465905039946/a05-14946_1ex99d1.htm "Yahoo! and Alibaba.com Form Strategic Partnership in China"]. ''Yahoo! Inc.'' via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 10 August 2005. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


In 2013, Alibaba and other parties established Cainiao to develop a logistics and supply-chain network supporting e-commerce.<ref name="CainiaoHistory">Alibaba Group, "Cainiao", [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba-businesses-1747836787297878016 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> Cainiao subsequently became one of the major logistics businesses associated with Alibaba's commerce ecosystem.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba separated Alipay from the group in 2011 as part of a restructuring of the payment business.<ref name="prospectus2019"/> Alibaba later retained an economic relationship with the financial-technology business that became [[Ant Group]], which is accounted for by Alibaba as an equity-method investee rather than as a consolidated subsidiary.<ref name="fy2026"/>


=== Public listing and leadership transition ===
=== Expansion during the 2010s ===


Alibaba completed an initial public offering on the [[New York Stock Exchange]] in September 2014. After underwriters exercised their option to purchase additional shares, the offering raised approximately US$25 billion, making it the largest initial public offering completed at that time.<ref name="IPO2014">Reuters, "Alibaba IPO ranks as world's biggest after additional shares sold", ''Business Standard'', 22 September 2014, [https://www.business-standard.com/article/reuters/alibaba-ipo-ranks-as-world-s-biggest-after-additional-shares-sold-114092200761_1.html Business Standard]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
Alibaba's annual 11.11 shopping promotion began in 2009 as a Tmall event involving 27 merchants. It subsequently developed into a major annual sales event across Alibaba's commerce platforms.<ref name="festival2016">[https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491578420511899648 "Alibaba Group Generated RMB 120.7 Billion (USD 17.8 Billion) of GMV on 2016 11.11 Global Shopping Festival"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 12 November 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> Cainiao Network was established in 2013 to build a technology-based logistics network serving merchants and consumers.<ref name="cainiao2019">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491202351069921280 "Alibaba Increases Stake in Cainiao Network"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


In September 2018, Alibaba announced a succession plan under which [[Daniel Zhang]] would replace Jack Ma as chairman one year later. Zhang became chairman on 10 September 2019, while Ma continued as a director until the company's 2020 annual general meeting.<ref name="MaSuccession">Alibaba Group, "Daniel Zhang to Succeed Jack Ma as Chairman of Alibaba Group in One Year", 10 September 2018, [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491240918374678528 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
The group also broadened its operations through acquisitions and investments. In 2015, Alibaba agreed to acquire the shares of online-video company Youku Tudou that it did not already own, taking the business private after the transaction closed.<ref name="youku2015">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491492989552295936 "Alibaba Group and Youku Tudou Enter into Definitive Merger Agreement"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> In April 2016, Alibaba agreed to invest about US$1 billion to acquire a controlling interest in Southeast Asian e-commerce company [[Lazada]]. It raised its Lazada stake to approximately 83% in 2017 and announced another US$2 billion investment in 2018, taking its cumulative investment at that stage to about US$4 billion.<ref name="lazada2016">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491525894831865856 "Alibaba Acquires Controlling Stake in E-commerce Platform Lazada"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 12 April 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="lazada2018">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491488162294267904 "Alibaba Invests Additional USD2 Billion in Lazada"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


Alibaba completed a secondary listing of its ordinary shares on the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in November 2019 under stock code 9988.<ref name="HK2019">Alibaba Group Holding Limited, "Alibaba Group Announces Pricing of Global Offering", 26 November 2019, [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491198532105797632 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> The Hong Kong-listed shares and the company's New York-listed American depositary shares were made fungible subject to the applicable conversion arrangements.<ref name="HK2019"/>
In 2018, Alibaba also agreed to acquire the shares of Chinese food-delivery and local-services company Ele.me that it did not already own in a transaction that implied a US$9.5 billion enterprise value. Ele.me was later integrated more deeply into Alibaba's on-demand commerce operations and was rebranded as Taobao Instant Commerce in December 2025.<ref name="eleme2018">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491593349923078144 "Alibaba to Acquire Full Ownership of China Online Delivery Platform Ele.me"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 2 April 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="instantcommerce">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba-businesses-1894256634985709568 "Taobao Instant Commerce"]. ''Alibaba Group''. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


=== Reorganization and AI-focused strategy ===
=== Public listings ===


In March 2023, Alibaba announced a major organizational restructuring that divided much of the group into six principal business groups: Cloud Intelligence, Taobao Tmall Commerce, Local Services, Cainiao Smart Logistics, Global Digital Commerce and Digital Media and Entertainment. Each was given its own management structure, and most were initially given the ability to consider independent financing or public listings.<ref name="Reorg2023">Reuters, "Alibaba to split into six units that may pursue individual IPOs", ''Investing.com'', 28 March 2023, [https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/alibaba-splits-into-six-units-that-may-pursue-individual-ipos--bloomberg-news-3042008 Investing.com]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
Alibaba priced its initial public offering in the United States in September 2014 at US$68 per American depositary share (ADS). The initial offering comprised 320,106,100 ADSs before exercise of the underwriters' overallotment option, implying initial gross proceeds of about US$21.8 billion. Trading began on the New York Stock Exchange on 19 September 2014 under the symbol BABA.<ref name="ipo2014">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1490841477796855808 "Alibaba Group Announces Pricing of Initial Public Offering"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 18 September 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="investorfaq"/>


A further leadership transition took effect on 10 September 2023. Joe Tsai succeeded Daniel Zhang as chairman, and Eddie Wu became chief executive officer and a director of Alibaba Group.<ref name="Succession2023">Alibaba Group, "Alibaba Group Announces Chairman and CEO Succession", 20 June 2023, [https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1607836456397570048 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> Wu was one of Alibaba's original founders and had held a number of technology and business-management roles within the group.<ref name="EddieWu">Alibaba Group, "Eddie Wu", [https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba-leadership-1637927598568767488 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
The company completed a secondary listing in Hong Kong in November 2019. Its global offering was priced at HK$176 per ordinary share, with 500 million new shares initially offered, and trading began on 26 November under stock code 9988.<ref name="hk2019">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1491199387748007936 "Alibaba Group Announces Pricing of Global Offering"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> On 28 August 2024, the Hong Kong listing was converted to a primary listing, giving Alibaba dual-primary status in Hong Kong and New York. Its Hong Kong ordinary shares trade under 9988 in Hong Kong dollars and 89988 in renminbi; each U.S.-listed ADS currently represents eight ordinary shares.<ref name="dualprimary">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1765436812471304192 "Dual Primary Listing on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 28 August 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="investorfaq"/>


In August 2024, Alibaba converted the status of its Hong Kong listing from a secondary listing to a primary listing. The company consequently became dual-primary listed in Hong Kong and New York.<ref name="DualPrimary"/>
=== Reorganization and strategic changes ===


In November 2024, Alibaba announced the formation of the Alibaba E-Commerce Business Group, bringing together major domestic and international commerce operations including Taobao, Tmall, Alibaba.com, AliExpress, Lazada, Trendyol, 1688 and Xianyu. Jiang Fan was appointed chief executive of the combined business group.<ref name="Ecommerce2024">Alibaba Group, "Alibaba Establishes E-Commerce Business Group", 21 November 2024, [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1796329702713982976 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
In March 2023, Alibaba announced a major reorganization under a structure commonly described by the company as "1+6+N". The model placed the listed holding company above six principal business groups, with other businesses organized separately. The six groups were Cloud Intelligence, Taobao Tmall Commerce, Local Services, Alibaba International Digital Commerce, Cainiao Smart Logistics and Digital Media and Entertainment.<ref name="letter2023">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1620855931979956224 "Alibaba Group Chairman Daniel Zhang's 2023 Letter to Shareholders"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 21 July 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> Most of the groups were initially given the option to seek outside capital or separate listings.<ref name="letter2023"/>


Alibaba continued to revise its reporting and operating structure during 2025 and 2026 as it increased investment in artificial intelligence, cloud infrastructure and commerce.<ref name="FY2026"/> Beginning with the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba reported its operations through four principal categories: Alibaba E-commerce Group, AI Cloud and Compute Services, AI Labs and Applications, and All others.<ref name="June2026"/> The company described artificial intelligence and cloud computing, together with commerce and consumer services, as central areas of its strategy.<ref name="FY2026"/>
The restructuring was subsequently revised. In November 2023, Alibaba abandoned a previously planned full spin-off of its cloud business, saying U.S. restrictions on exports of advanced computing chips had created uncertainty for the business's prospects. In March 2024, the company withdrew the planned Hong Kong initial public offering of logistics arm [[Cainiao]] and offered to acquire the shares held by Cainiao minority investors for up to US$3.75 billion.<ref name="restructReuters">[https://www.reuters.com/technology/chinese-e-commerce-giant-alibabas-bumpy-restructuring-journey-2024-03-26/ "Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba's bumpy restructuring journey"]. ''Reuters''. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="cainiao2024">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1709401084725821440 "Alibaba Group Announces Withdrawal of Cainiao IPO Application and Proposal to Acquire All Outstanding Shares from Cainiao Minority Shareholders"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


== Businesses ==
In November 2024, Alibaba formed the Alibaba E-commerce Business Group to bring its domestic and international commerce operations under a single leadership structure, with Fan Jiang appointed chief executive of the new group.<ref name="ecom2024">[https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1796373087252381696 "Alibaba Group Announces Establishment of Alibaba E-commerce Business Group"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 21 November 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


=== E-commerce ===
A further reporting reorganization took effect in the quarter ended 30 June 2026. Alibaba combined its China and international e-commerce groups, Freshippo and certain Cainiao commerce businesses into the '''Alibaba E-commerce Group'''; combined Cloud Intelligence Group with chip-design unit T-Head as '''AI Cloud and Compute Services'''; and grouped its AI model laboratories, Qwen Consumer Business Group and QwenWork as '''AI Labs and Applications'''. Remaining operations are reported as '''All Others'''.<ref name="june2026"/>


Alibaba's e-commerce operations include platforms serving consumers, merchants and businesses in China and international markets.<ref name="FY2026"/> Under the reporting structure introduced in 2026, the Alibaba E-commerce Group combines the company's Chinese and international commerce businesses as well as Freshippo and certain commerce-related Cainiao operations.<ref name="June2026"/>
== Businesses ==


[[Taobao]] is a consumer-oriented marketplace in China, while [[Tmall]] is principally used by brands and retailers selling products to consumers.<ref name="FY2026"/> The group's domestic wholesale business includes 1688, which connects wholesalers, manufacturers and other businesses.<ref name="FY2026"/> Xianyu operates a consumer marketplace with a significant focus on second-hand goods.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba's segment reporting was reorganized from the quarter ended 30 June 2026. The four current reporting segments are Alibaba E-commerce Group, AI Cloud and Compute Services, AI Labs and Applications, and All Others.<ref name="june2026"/>


Alibaba's international commerce businesses include [[Alibaba.com]], its global business-to-business marketplace; [[AliExpress]], a consumer-oriented cross-border commerce platform; Lazada, which operates in Southeast Asia; and Trendyol, which is centered primarily on Turkey and surrounding markets.<ref name="FY2026"/> Alibaba also operates Freshippo, a technology-enabled grocery and retail business in China.<ref name="FY2026"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Revenue by reporting segment, quarter ended 30 June 2026
! Segment
! Revenue (RMB billion)
! Year-over-year change
|-
| Alibaba E-commerce Group
| 205.862
| +4%
|-
| AI Cloud and Compute Services
| 48.437
| +45%
|-
| AI Labs and Applications
| 3.338
| +16%
|-
| All Others
| 28.803
| +1%
|}
<ref name="june2026"/>


The company's commerce operations increasingly combine traditional marketplace services with direct sales, instant retail, advertising, merchant services, logistics and other transaction-related services.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Segment revenue does not add directly to consolidated revenue because Alibaba also reports unallocated revenue and inter-segment eliminations.<ref name="june2026"/>


=== Cloud computing and artificial intelligence ===
=== E-commerce ===


[[Alibaba Cloud]] was established in 2009 and provides cloud-computing infrastructure and services to businesses, developers and other organizations.<ref name="CloudHistory"/> Its offerings include computing, storage, databases, networking, security and artificial-intelligence-related services.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba operates consumer, business-to-consumer, business-to-business and cross-border commerce platforms. Major brands and services include [[Taobao]], [[Tmall]], Tmall Supermarket, Tmall Global, [[1688.com|1688]], [[Alibaba.com]], [[AliExpress]], [[Lazada]], [[Trendyol]], [[Daraz]], Freshippo and Taobao Instant Commerce.<ref name="about"/>


Alibaba has increased investment in generative artificial intelligence and computing infrastructure. The company develops the Qwen family of artificial intelligence models and related applications and services.<ref name="FY2026"/> It also operates T-Head, a semiconductor-development business focused on processors and other computing technologies.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Under the reporting structure introduced in 2026, Alibaba E-commerce Group reports revenue in four categories: China E-commerce, China Quick Commerce, International E-commerce and Global Wholesale. China Quick Commerce includes Taobao Instant Commerce, Freshippo and the on-demand delivery business of Tmall Supermarket.<ref name="june2026"/> For the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba E-commerce Group reported revenue of RMB205.862 billion, up 4% from the comparable period a year earlier.<ref name="june2026"/>


Under Alibaba's reporting structure introduced for the quarter ended 30 June 2026, the former Cloud Intelligence Group and T-Head were combined within the '''AI Cloud and Compute Services''' segment. A separate '''AI Labs and Applications''' segment includes the company's model-development laboratories, Qwen consumer operations and QwenWork.<ref name="June2026"/>
Alibaba.com remains the group's principal global business-to-business marketplace, while 1688 serves wholesale commerce in China. Taobao and Tmall are its major Chinese consumer commerce platforms, and AliExpress, Lazada, Trendyol and Daraz form important parts of its international retail portfolio.<ref name="about"/>


For the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba reported that external revenue from Alibaba Cloud grew by 45% from the corresponding quarter a year earlier. The company also reported that revenue from AI-related products had recorded triple-digit year-over-year growth for twelve consecutive quarters.<ref name="June2026"/> These growth figures are company-reported financial results rather than independent measures of market position.
=== Cloud computing and artificial intelligence ===


=== Logistics and other technology businesses ===
Alibaba established Alibaba Cloud in 2009.<ref name="prospectus2019"/> The cloud business provides computing, storage, database, networking, security and AI-related infrastructure and services. Following the 2026 reorganization, Alibaba Cloud was combined with semiconductor-design business T-Head in the AI Cloud and Compute Services segment.<ref name="june2026"/>


[[Cainiao]] was established in 2013 to build logistics infrastructure and supply-chain services for merchants and commerce platforms.<ref name="CainiaoHistory"/> Its activities have included domestic and international parcel services, warehousing, supply-chain technology and cross-border logistics.<ref name="FY2026"/> Following Alibaba's later organizational changes, certain Cainiao commerce operations were incorporated into the Alibaba E-commerce Group.<ref name="June2026"/>
The separate AI Labs and Applications segment includes Alibaba's model-development laboratories, its Qwen consumer business and QwenWork. The company's [[Qwen]] family includes large language and multimodal AI models used in its consumer, enterprise and cloud offerings.<ref name="about"/><ref name="june2026"/> In the quarter ended 30 June 2026, AI Cloud and Compute Services reported revenue of RMB48.437 billion, a 45% year-over-year increase. Alibaba said AI-related product revenue within the segment was RMB12.376 billion for the quarter.<ref name="june2026"/>


Other businesses associated with Alibaba include Amap, a digital mapping and navigation service; Alibaba Health, a health-technology and healthcare-services business; Youku and other digital entertainment operations; Lingxi Games; and DingTalk, an enterprise communication and collaboration platform.<ref name="FY2026"/>
At its Apsara Conference in September 2026, Alibaba presented a broader "full-stack AI" strategy covering chips, infrastructure, models and applications. It also unveiled the Zhenwu V900 AI chip and outlined plans for much larger future Qwen models and expanded data-center capacity. The capacity and model-size figures announced at the conference were forward-looking company targets rather than completed deployments.<ref name="apsara2026">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-2039431633571938304 "Alibaba Group CEO Eddie Wu Shares Alibaba's Strategic Full-Stack AI Roadmap at the 2026 Apsara Conference"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 22 September 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="aiReuters2026">[https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/alibaba-plans-ai-model-with-5-trillion-10-trillion-parameters-unveils-new-chip-2026-09-22/ "Alibaba deepens AI push with new chip, bigger model; shares jump 5%"]. ''Reuters''. 22 September 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


Following the 2026 reporting reorganization, Alibaba's '''All others''' category principally included Alibaba Health, Hujing Digital Media and Entertainment Group, Amap, Lingxi Games and other technology businesses.<ref name="June2026"/>
=== Logistics, media and other services ===


== Corporate structure ==
Alibaba's wider portfolio includes [[Cainiao]] logistics, [[Amap]] digital mapping and local services, [[Youku]] video, Fliggy travel services, Alibaba Health, Lingxi Games, Quark, UC and workplace-communications service [[DingTalk]].<ref name="about"/> Under the reporting structure used from June 2026, the All Others segment consists mainly of Alibaba Health, Hujing Digital Media and Entertainment Group, Amap, Lingxi Games and other technology businesses.<ref name="june2026"/>


Alibaba Group Holding Limited is incorporated in the Cayman Islands and functions as the listed holding company for the group.<ref name="FY2026"/> The principal executive offices of Alibaba's major businesses are located at 960-1 West Wen Yi Road in Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Cainiao provides logistics and supply-chain services to Alibaba's commerce ecosystem and external customers. Although Alibaba had previously pursued a separate Hong Kong listing for Cainiao, that process was withdrawn in 2024 as the group moved toward closer integration of its logistics operations.<ref name="cainiao2024"/>


Some of Alibaba's operations in China are conducted through contractual arrangements with variable interest entities. The structure is used in areas where Chinese laws or regulations restrict or condition foreign investment, including certain value-added telecommunications and Internet-related businesses.<ref name="FY2026"/> Under these arrangements, Alibaba's wholly foreign-owned subsidiaries enter into contracts with Chinese operating companies and their shareholders rather than directly owning all of the relevant operating entities.<ref name="FY2026"/> Alibaba's annual filings identify the legal and regulatory risks associated with this structure.<ref name="FY2026"/>
== Corporate structure and governance ==


Alibaba has also maintained investments in businesses outside its consolidated operating subsidiaries. Its relationship with Ant Group, the financial-technology company associated with Alipay, is accounted for as an equity-method investment.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Cayman Islands-incorporated holding company. Its main operations are based at 969 West Wen Yi Road in Yuhang District, Hangzhou, while its U.S. securities filings list a principal executive office at Times Square in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.<ref name="corpinfo"/><ref name="fy2026"/> The group conducts operations in mainland China through wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries as well as variable-interest entity arrangements for businesses in which Chinese law restricts or conditions foreign ownership.<ref name="fy2026"/>


== Leadership and governance ==
The [[Alibaba Partnership]], formalized in 2010 and originally known as Lakeside Partners, is a partnership of senior managers and business leaders within the group. Alibaba's articles give the partnership the right to nominate, and in specified circumstances appoint, up to a simple majority of the company's board of directors. Alibaba reported 18 partnership members in its 2026 annual reporting.<ref name="partnership">[https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/ir-corporate-governance-partnership "Alibaba Partnership"]. ''Alibaba Group''. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="fy2026"/>


Joe Tsai has served as chairman of Alibaba Group since September 2023.<ref name="Succession2023"/> Tsai joined Alibaba's founding team in 1999 and previously served as the group's chief financial officer and executive vice chairman.<ref name="JoeTsai">Alibaba Group, "Joe Tsai", [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/about-alibaba-leadership-1493301768354791424 Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
A leadership succession announced in June 2023 took effect on 10 September 2023, when Joe Tsai became chairman and Eddie Wu became chief executive officer, succeeding Daniel Zhang in those roles.<ref name="succession2023">[https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/document-1607836456397570048 "Alibaba Group Announces Chairman and CEO Succession Plan"]. ''Alibaba Group''. 20 June 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> The company's senior leadership in 2026 also included president J. Michael Evans, chief financial officer Toby Xu, chief people officer Jane Jiang and general counsel Sara Yu.<ref name="about"/>
 
Eddie Wu has served as chief executive officer and a director since September 2023.<ref name="Succession2023"/> Other senior executives listed by Alibaba in 2026 included president J. Michael Evans, chief financial officer Toby Xu, chief people officer Jane Jiang, general counsel Sara Yu and Alibaba E-commerce Business Group chief executive Jiang Fan.<ref name="Leadership"/>
 
Alibaba also has a partnership-based governance mechanism known as the Alibaba Partnership. The partnership was formalized in 2010 under the name Lakeside Partners.<ref name="Partnership">Alibaba Group, "Alibaba Partnership", [https://home.alibabagroup.com/en-US/ir-corporate-governance-partnership Alibaba Group]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref> Under the company's articles of association, the partnership has the right to nominate, or in certain circumstances appoint, enough directors to constitute a simple majority of Alibaba's board, subject to the procedures contained in the company's constitutional documents.<ref name="Partnership"/>


== Financial performance ==
== Financial performance ==


Alibaba's fiscal year ends on 31 March.<ref name="FY2026"/> Revenue increased from RMB 941.2 billion in the fiscal year ended March 2024 to RMB 1.024 trillion in the fiscal year ended March 2026, while reported net income fluctuated over the same period.<ref name="FY2026"/>
Alibaba's fiscal year ends on 31 March. Its reported revenue rose from RMB853.062 billion in fiscal 2022 to more than RMB1 trillion in fiscal 2026. Net income has varied more widely because of operating results, investment gains and losses, impairments and other items.<ref name="annual2026">[https://data.alibabagroup.com/ecms-files/1514386754/4672a7a7-f562-4a1d-b8ff-d6e237f38c3b/Alibaba%20Group%20Holding%20Limited%20Fiscal%20Year%202026%20Annual%20Report.pdf "Fiscal Year 2026 Annual Report"]. ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited''. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Selected annual financial results
! Fiscal year ended 31 March
! Fiscal year ended 31 March
! Revenue
! Revenue (RMB billion)
! Net income
! Net income (RMB billion)
|-
| 2022
| 853.062
| 47.079
|-
| 2023
| 868.687
| 65.573
|-
|-
| 2024
| 2024
| RMB 941.168 billion
| 941.168
| RMB 71.332 billion
| 71.332
|-
|-
| 2025
| 2025
| RMB 996.347 billion
| 996.347
| RMB 125.976 billion
| 125.976
|-
|-
| 2026
| 2026
| RMB 1,023.670 billion
| 1,023.670
| RMB 102.127 billion
| 102.127
|}
|}
<ref name="FY2026"/>
<ref name="annual2026"/>
 
For the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba reported revenue of RMB268.953 billion, up 9% year over year. Net income was RMB10.444 billion, down 75% from the same quarter in 2025. The company attributed the lower net income primarily to lower operating income, reduced gains from investment disposals and lower mark-to-market gains on equity investments.<ref name="june2026"/> Capital expenditure in the quarter was RMB67.678 billion, up 75% year over year, which the company linked principally to investment in AI infrastructure and computing capacity.<ref name="june2026"/>


For fiscal 2026, Alibaba translated its reported revenue to approximately US$148.4 billion and its net income to approximately US$14.8 billion using the exchange rate applied in its annual reporting.<ref name="FY2026"/> The company's workforce stood at 131,462 employees on 31 March 2026 and increased to 132,165 by 30 June 2026.<ref name="June2026"/>
== Regulation ==


== Regulatory matters ==
In December 2020, China's [[State Administration for Market Regulation]] (SAMR) opened an antitrust investigation into Alibaba. In April 2021, SAMR concluded that Alibaba had abused a dominant position in China's online retail platform-services market by imposing exclusivity requirements on merchants, a practice commonly described as "choose one of two". The regulator ordered Alibaba to stop the conduct and imposed a fine of RMB18.228 billion, equal to 4% of the company's 2019 domestic sales used for the penalty calculation.<ref name="samr2021">[https://www.samr.gov.cn/xw/zj/art/2023/art_4966dda92ab34c398615f5878c10c8f1.html "State Administration for Market Regulation imposes administrative penalty on Alibaba Group Holding Limited concerning 'choose one of two' conduct in the online retail platform service market" (Chinese)]. ''State Administration for Market Regulation of China''. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="ali2021fine">[https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000110465921049093/a21-12710_1ex99d1.htm "Alibaba Group Announces Decision by China's State Administration for Market Regulation"]. ''Alibaba Group Holding Limited'' via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


In April 2021, China's State Administration for Market Regulation concluded an antitrust investigation into Alibaba. The regulator found that the company had violated Article 17(4) of China's Anti-Monopoly Law through practices that restricted merchants from conducting business on competing platforms without adequate justification.<ref name="Antitrust2021">Alibaba Group Holding Limited, "Alibaba Group Announces Decision by China's State Administration for Market Regulation", 10 April 2021, [https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1577552/000110465921049093/a21-12710_1ex99d1.htm U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]. Accessed 25 September 2026.</ref>
SAMR required a three-year compliance and rectification program. In August 2024, the regulator said Alibaba had completed the rectification period and had stopped the exclusivity practice identified in the 2021 decision, while stating that it would continue regulatory guidance and supervision.<ref name="samr2024">[https://www.samr.gov.cn/xw/zj/art/2024/art_df43b84d3f9f4dc6ba9c99b4195b3770.html "State Administration for Market Regulation supervises Alibaba Group Holding Limited in completing three-year rectification" (Chinese)]. ''State Administration for Market Regulation of China''. 30 August 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref><ref name="regReuters">[https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/key-events-during-chinas-regulatory-scrutiny-alibaba-2024-09-02/ "Key events during China's regulatory scrutiny of Alibaba"]. ''Reuters''. 2 September 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref>


The regulator ordered Alibaba to cease the conduct and imposed a fine of RMB 18.228 billion, approximately US$2.8 billion at the time. The fine was calculated as 4% of Alibaba's 2019 domestic China revenue of RMB 455.712 billion.<ref name="Antitrust2021"/> The regulator also required the company to make changes intended to strengthen internal compliance and protect competition and consumer interests.<ref name="Antitrust2021"/>
In July 2026, the [[European Commission]] fined Alibaba's AliExpress platform €550 million under the European Union's [[Digital Services Act]]. The Commission said AliExpress had failed to adequately assess and mitigate risks related to illegal, unsafe and counterfeit products on the platform and ordered remedial action.<ref name="ec2026">[https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-fines-aliexpress-eu550-million-breaching-digital-services-act "Commission fines AliExpress €550 million for breaching the Digital Services Act"]. ''European Commission''. 20 July 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> Reuters reported that AliExpress said it intended to appeal the decision and considered the penalty disproportionate.<ref name="euReuters2026">[https://www.reuters.com/world/aliexpress-hit-with-629-million-eu-fine-over-sales-illegal-counterfeit-products-2026-07-20/ "AliExpress hit with $629 million EU fine over sales of illegal, counterfeit products"]. ''Reuters''. 20 July 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.</ref> Alibaba recorded a provision related to the €550 million fine in its June-quarter 2026 results.<ref name="june2026"/>


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Amazon]]
* [[JD.com]]
* [[JD.com]]
* [[PDD Holdings]]
* [[PDD Holdings]]
Line 145: Line 171:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [https://www.alibabagroup.com/ Official website]
* [https://www.alibabagroup.com/ Official website]
* [https://www.alibabagroup.com/en-US/ir-home Alibaba Group investor relations]


[[Category:Chinese technology companies]]
[[Category:Chinese technology companies]]
[[Category:Chinese multinational companies]]
[[Category:E-commerce companies of China]]
[[Category:E-commerce companies of China]]
[[Category:Cloud computing providers]]
[[Category:Cloud computing providers]]
[[Category:Artificial intelligence companies]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1999]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1999]]
[[Category:Companies based in Hangzhou]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies based in Hangzhou]]

Revision as of 20:14, 24 September 2026

Alibaba Group
E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence



Legal name
Alibaba Group Holding Limited
Native name
阿里巴巴集團控股有限公司




Type
Public company
Industry
E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence
Traded as
NYSE: BABA; HKEX: 9988 (HKD counter), 89988 (RMB counter)
Founded
1999


Founders
Jack Ma and 17 others


Headquarters
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China


Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Joe Tsai (chairman); Eddie Wu (chief executive officer)


Services
E-commerce; cloud computing; artificial intelligence services; logistics; digital media
Brands
Taobao; Tmall; Alibaba.com; 1688; AliExpress; Lazada; Trendyol; Daraz; Alibaba Cloud; Cainiao; DingTalk


Employees
132,165(30 June 2026)
Revenue
RMB1.02367 trillion(Fiscal year ended 31 March 2026)






Website
Official website

Alibaba Group Holding Limited, commonly known as Alibaba Group, is a multinational technology holding company founded in Hangzhou, China, in 1999. Its businesses span e-commerce, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), logistics, digital media and other internet services. The company describes its current strategic focus as AI and cloud computing together with commerce and consumption.[1][2]

Alibaba was established by 18 founders led by former English teacher Jack Ma. It began as an online wholesale marketplace connecting Chinese exporters and entrepreneurs with overseas buyers.[2] The holding company is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, while its main operating campus is in Hangzhou. Its securities are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol BABA and on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under stock codes 9988 and 89988.[3][4]

As of September 2026, Joe Tsai was chairman and Eddie Wu was chief executive officer.[1] For the fiscal year ended 31 March 2026, Alibaba reported revenue of RMB1.02367 trillion and net income of RMB102.127 billion.[3] The company reported 132,165 employees as of 30 June 2026.[5]

History

Founding and early development

Alibaba was founded in 1999 in Jack Ma's apartment in Hangzhou. That year, the group launched Alibaba.com, an international business-to-business marketplace, and 1688, a domestic wholesale marketplace in China.[6] The company expanded into consumer e-commerce with the launch of Taobao in 2003. It launched Alipay in 2004, introduced Tmall as a business-to-consumer platform in 2008, established Alibaba Cloud in 2009, and launched AliExpress in 2010.[6]

In August 2005, Alibaba and Yahoo! announced a strategic partnership in China. Yahoo contributed its Yahoo China business and invested US$1 billion in cash in exchange for an approximately 40% economic interest and 35% voting interest in Alibaba at the time, making Yahoo a major strategic shareholder.[7]

Alibaba separated Alipay from the group in 2011 as part of a restructuring of the payment business.[6] Alibaba later retained an economic relationship with the financial-technology business that became Ant Group, which is accounted for by Alibaba as an equity-method investee rather than as a consolidated subsidiary.[3]

Expansion during the 2010s

Alibaba's annual 11.11 shopping promotion began in 2009 as a Tmall event involving 27 merchants. It subsequently developed into a major annual sales event across Alibaba's commerce platforms.[8] Cainiao Network was established in 2013 to build a technology-based logistics network serving merchants and consumers.[9]

The group also broadened its operations through acquisitions and investments. In 2015, Alibaba agreed to acquire the shares of online-video company Youku Tudou that it did not already own, taking the business private after the transaction closed.[10] In April 2016, Alibaba agreed to invest about US$1 billion to acquire a controlling interest in Southeast Asian e-commerce company Lazada. It raised its Lazada stake to approximately 83% in 2017 and announced another US$2 billion investment in 2018, taking its cumulative investment at that stage to about US$4 billion.[11][12]

In 2018, Alibaba also agreed to acquire the shares of Chinese food-delivery and local-services company Ele.me that it did not already own in a transaction that implied a US$9.5 billion enterprise value. Ele.me was later integrated more deeply into Alibaba's on-demand commerce operations and was rebranded as Taobao Instant Commerce in December 2025.[13][14]

Public listings

Alibaba priced its initial public offering in the United States in September 2014 at US$68 per American depositary share (ADS). The initial offering comprised 320,106,100 ADSs before exercise of the underwriters' overallotment option, implying initial gross proceeds of about US$21.8 billion. Trading began on the New York Stock Exchange on 19 September 2014 under the symbol BABA.[15][4]

The company completed a secondary listing in Hong Kong in November 2019. Its global offering was priced at HK$176 per ordinary share, with 500 million new shares initially offered, and trading began on 26 November under stock code 9988.[16] On 28 August 2024, the Hong Kong listing was converted to a primary listing, giving Alibaba dual-primary status in Hong Kong and New York. Its Hong Kong ordinary shares trade under 9988 in Hong Kong dollars and 89988 in renminbi; each U.S.-listed ADS currently represents eight ordinary shares.[17][4]

Reorganization and strategic changes

In March 2023, Alibaba announced a major reorganization under a structure commonly described by the company as "1+6+N". The model placed the listed holding company above six principal business groups, with other businesses organized separately. The six groups were Cloud Intelligence, Taobao Tmall Commerce, Local Services, Alibaba International Digital Commerce, Cainiao Smart Logistics and Digital Media and Entertainment.[18] Most of the groups were initially given the option to seek outside capital or separate listings.[18]

The restructuring was subsequently revised. In November 2023, Alibaba abandoned a previously planned full spin-off of its cloud business, saying U.S. restrictions on exports of advanced computing chips had created uncertainty for the business's prospects. In March 2024, the company withdrew the planned Hong Kong initial public offering of logistics arm Cainiao and offered to acquire the shares held by Cainiao minority investors for up to US$3.75 billion.[19][20]

In November 2024, Alibaba formed the Alibaba E-commerce Business Group to bring its domestic and international commerce operations under a single leadership structure, with Fan Jiang appointed chief executive of the new group.[21]

A further reporting reorganization took effect in the quarter ended 30 June 2026. Alibaba combined its China and international e-commerce groups, Freshippo and certain Cainiao commerce businesses into the Alibaba E-commerce Group; combined Cloud Intelligence Group with chip-design unit T-Head as AI Cloud and Compute Services; and grouped its AI model laboratories, Qwen Consumer Business Group and QwenWork as AI Labs and Applications. Remaining operations are reported as All Others.[5]

Businesses

Alibaba's segment reporting was reorganized from the quarter ended 30 June 2026. The four current reporting segments are Alibaba E-commerce Group, AI Cloud and Compute Services, AI Labs and Applications, and All Others.[5]

Revenue by reporting segment, quarter ended 30 June 2026
Segment Revenue (RMB billion) Year-over-year change
Alibaba E-commerce Group 205.862 +4%
AI Cloud and Compute Services 48.437 +45%
AI Labs and Applications 3.338 +16%
All Others 28.803 +1%

[5]

Segment revenue does not add directly to consolidated revenue because Alibaba also reports unallocated revenue and inter-segment eliminations.[5]

E-commerce

Alibaba operates consumer, business-to-consumer, business-to-business and cross-border commerce platforms. Major brands and services include Taobao, Tmall, Tmall Supermarket, Tmall Global, 1688, Alibaba.com, AliExpress, Lazada, Trendyol, Daraz, Freshippo and Taobao Instant Commerce.[1]

Under the reporting structure introduced in 2026, Alibaba E-commerce Group reports revenue in four categories: China E-commerce, China Quick Commerce, International E-commerce and Global Wholesale. China Quick Commerce includes Taobao Instant Commerce, Freshippo and the on-demand delivery business of Tmall Supermarket.[5] For the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba E-commerce Group reported revenue of RMB205.862 billion, up 4% from the comparable period a year earlier.[5]

Alibaba.com remains the group's principal global business-to-business marketplace, while 1688 serves wholesale commerce in China. Taobao and Tmall are its major Chinese consumer commerce platforms, and AliExpress, Lazada, Trendyol and Daraz form important parts of its international retail portfolio.[1]

Cloud computing and artificial intelligence

Alibaba established Alibaba Cloud in 2009.[6] The cloud business provides computing, storage, database, networking, security and AI-related infrastructure and services. Following the 2026 reorganization, Alibaba Cloud was combined with semiconductor-design business T-Head in the AI Cloud and Compute Services segment.[5]

The separate AI Labs and Applications segment includes Alibaba's model-development laboratories, its Qwen consumer business and QwenWork. The company's Qwen family includes large language and multimodal AI models used in its consumer, enterprise and cloud offerings.[1][5] In the quarter ended 30 June 2026, AI Cloud and Compute Services reported revenue of RMB48.437 billion, a 45% year-over-year increase. Alibaba said AI-related product revenue within the segment was RMB12.376 billion for the quarter.[5]

At its Apsara Conference in September 2026, Alibaba presented a broader "full-stack AI" strategy covering chips, infrastructure, models and applications. It also unveiled the Zhenwu V900 AI chip and outlined plans for much larger future Qwen models and expanded data-center capacity. The capacity and model-size figures announced at the conference were forward-looking company targets rather than completed deployments.[22][23]

Logistics, media and other services

Alibaba's wider portfolio includes Cainiao logistics, Amap digital mapping and local services, Youku video, Fliggy travel services, Alibaba Health, Lingxi Games, Quark, UC and workplace-communications service DingTalk.[1] Under the reporting structure used from June 2026, the All Others segment consists mainly of Alibaba Health, Hujing Digital Media and Entertainment Group, Amap, Lingxi Games and other technology businesses.[5]

Cainiao provides logistics and supply-chain services to Alibaba's commerce ecosystem and external customers. Although Alibaba had previously pursued a separate Hong Kong listing for Cainiao, that process was withdrawn in 2024 as the group moved toward closer integration of its logistics operations.[20]

Corporate structure and governance

Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Cayman Islands-incorporated holding company. Its main operations are based at 969 West Wen Yi Road in Yuhang District, Hangzhou, while its U.S. securities filings list a principal executive office at Times Square in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.[2][3] The group conducts operations in mainland China through wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries as well as variable-interest entity arrangements for businesses in which Chinese law restricts or conditions foreign ownership.[3]

The Alibaba Partnership, formalized in 2010 and originally known as Lakeside Partners, is a partnership of senior managers and business leaders within the group. Alibaba's articles give the partnership the right to nominate, and in specified circumstances appoint, up to a simple majority of the company's board of directors. Alibaba reported 18 partnership members in its 2026 annual reporting.[24][3]

A leadership succession announced in June 2023 took effect on 10 September 2023, when Joe Tsai became chairman and Eddie Wu became chief executive officer, succeeding Daniel Zhang in those roles.[25] The company's senior leadership in 2026 also included president J. Michael Evans, chief financial officer Toby Xu, chief people officer Jane Jiang and general counsel Sara Yu.[1]

Financial performance

Alibaba's fiscal year ends on 31 March. Its reported revenue rose from RMB853.062 billion in fiscal 2022 to more than RMB1 trillion in fiscal 2026. Net income has varied more widely because of operating results, investment gains and losses, impairments and other items.[26]

Selected annual financial results
Fiscal year ended 31 March Revenue (RMB billion) Net income (RMB billion)
2022 853.062 47.079
2023 868.687 65.573
2024 941.168 71.332
2025 996.347 125.976
2026 1,023.670 102.127

[26]

For the quarter ended 30 June 2026, Alibaba reported revenue of RMB268.953 billion, up 9% year over year. Net income was RMB10.444 billion, down 75% from the same quarter in 2025. The company attributed the lower net income primarily to lower operating income, reduced gains from investment disposals and lower mark-to-market gains on equity investments.[5] Capital expenditure in the quarter was RMB67.678 billion, up 75% year over year, which the company linked principally to investment in AI infrastructure and computing capacity.[5]

Regulation

In December 2020, China's State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) opened an antitrust investigation into Alibaba. In April 2021, SAMR concluded that Alibaba had abused a dominant position in China's online retail platform-services market by imposing exclusivity requirements on merchants, a practice commonly described as "choose one of two". The regulator ordered Alibaba to stop the conduct and imposed a fine of RMB18.228 billion, equal to 4% of the company's 2019 domestic sales used for the penalty calculation.[27][28]

SAMR required a three-year compliance and rectification program. In August 2024, the regulator said Alibaba had completed the rectification period and had stopped the exclusivity practice identified in the 2021 decision, while stating that it would continue regulatory guidance and supervision.[29][30]

In July 2026, the European Commission fined Alibaba's AliExpress platform €550 million under the European Union's Digital Services Act. The Commission said AliExpress had failed to adequately assess and mitigate risks related to illegal, unsafe and counterfeit products on the platform and ordered remedial action.[31] Reuters reported that AliExpress said it intended to appeal the decision and considered the penalty disproportionate.[32] Alibaba recorded a provision related to the €550 million fine in its June-quarter 2026 results.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Introduction to Alibaba Group". Alibaba Group. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Corporate Information". Alibaba Group. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026". Alibaba Group Holding Limited via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 20 May 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Investor Information". Alibaba Group. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 "Alibaba Group Announces June Quarter 2026 Results". Alibaba Group Holding Limited via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 20 August 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Prospectus". Alibaba Group Holding Limited via Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  7. ↑ "Yahoo! and Alibaba.com Form Strategic Partnership in China". Yahoo! Inc. via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 10 August 2005. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  8. ↑ "Alibaba Group Generated RMB 120.7 Billion (USD 17.8 Billion) of GMV on 2016 11.11 Global Shopping Festival". Alibaba Group. 12 November 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  9. ↑ "Alibaba Increases Stake in Cainiao Network". Alibaba Group. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  10. ↑ "Alibaba Group and Youku Tudou Enter into Definitive Merger Agreement". Alibaba Group. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  11. ↑ "Alibaba Acquires Controlling Stake in E-commerce Platform Lazada". Alibaba Group. 12 April 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  12. ↑ "Alibaba Invests Additional USD2 Billion in Lazada". Alibaba Group. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  13. ↑ "Alibaba to Acquire Full Ownership of China Online Delivery Platform Ele.me". Alibaba Group. 2 April 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  14. ↑ "Taobao Instant Commerce". Alibaba Group. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  15. ↑ "Alibaba Group Announces Pricing of Initial Public Offering". Alibaba Group. 18 September 2014. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  16. ↑ "Alibaba Group Announces Pricing of Global Offering". Alibaba Group. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  17. ↑ "Dual Primary Listing on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited". Alibaba Group. 28 August 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Alibaba Group Chairman Daniel Zhang's 2023 Letter to Shareholders". Alibaba Group. 21 July 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  19. ↑ "Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba's bumpy restructuring journey". Reuters. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Alibaba Group Announces Withdrawal of Cainiao IPO Application and Proposal to Acquire All Outstanding Shares from Cainiao Minority Shareholders". Alibaba Group. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  21. ↑ "Alibaba Group Announces Establishment of Alibaba E-commerce Business Group". Alibaba Group. 21 November 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  22. ↑ "Alibaba Group CEO Eddie Wu Shares Alibaba's Strategic Full-Stack AI Roadmap at the 2026 Apsara Conference". Alibaba Group. 22 September 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  23. ↑ "Alibaba deepens AI push with new chip, bigger model; shares jump 5%". Reuters. 22 September 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  24. ↑ "Alibaba Partnership". Alibaba Group. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  25. ↑ "Alibaba Group Announces Chairman and CEO Succession Plan". Alibaba Group. 20 June 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Fiscal Year 2026 Annual Report". Alibaba Group Holding Limited. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  27. ↑ "State Administration for Market Regulation imposes administrative penalty on Alibaba Group Holding Limited concerning 'choose one of two' conduct in the online retail platform service market" (Chinese). State Administration for Market Regulation of China. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  28. ↑ "Alibaba Group Announces Decision by China's State Administration for Market Regulation". Alibaba Group Holding Limited via the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  29. ↑ "State Administration for Market Regulation supervises Alibaba Group Holding Limited in completing three-year rectification" (Chinese). State Administration for Market Regulation of China. 30 August 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  30. ↑ "Key events during China's regulatory scrutiny of Alibaba". Reuters. 2 September 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  31. ↑ "Commission fines AliExpress €550 million for breaching the Digital Services Act". European Commission. 20 July 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
  32. ↑ "AliExpress hit with $629 million EU fine over sales of illegal, counterfeit products". Reuters. 20 July 2026. Retrieved 25 September 2026.
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