HumptyDumpty: Creating Draft:Bolivia

2026-09-25T19:11:42Z

Creating Draft:Bolivia

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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Plurinational State of Bolivia
| common_name = Bolivia
| native_name = Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia
| image_flag = Flag of Bolivia.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Bolivia.svg
| capital = [[Sucre]]
| administrative_center = [[La Paz]]
| largest_city = [[Santa Cruz de la Sierra]]
| official_languages = [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Quechua language|Quechua]], [[Aymara language|Aymara]], [[Guaraní language|Guaraní]] and other Indigenous languages
| government_type = Unitary presidential constitutional republic
| leader_title1 = President
| leader_name1 = [[Rodrigo Paz Pereira]]
| leader_title2 = Vice President
| leader_name2 = [[Edmand Lara]]
| legislature = [[Plurinational Legislative Assembly]]
| sovereignty_type = Independence
| established_event1 = Declared
| established_date1 = 6 August 1825
| population_census = 11,365,333
| population_census_year = 2024
| currency = [[Boliviano]]
| currency_code = BOB
| time_zone = BOT
| utc_offset = −4
| calling_code = +591
| cctld = .bo
}}

'''Bolivia''', officially the '''Plurinational State of Bolivia''' (Spanish: ''Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia''), is a landlocked country in central-western [[South America]]. It borders [[Brazil]] to the north and east, [[Paraguay]] and [[Argentina]] to the south, and [[Chile]] and [[Peru]] to the west. The country's constitutional capital is [[Sucre]], while [[La Paz]] is the seat of the executive and legislative branches of government.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitución Política del Estado |url=https://www.senapi.gob.bo/normativas/constitucion-politica-del-estado/constitucion-politica-del-estado-plurinacional-de-bolivia |website=Servicio Nacional de Propiedad Intelectual |publisher=Government of Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> [[Santa Cruz de la Sierra]] is the country's largest urban and economic centre.

Bolivia has a highly varied physical landscape that includes the [[Andes]], the high [[Altiplano]], valleys, tropical lowlands, parts of the [[Amazon Basin]], the [[Gran Chaco]] and extensive wetlands. It is also rich in natural resources, including natural gas and deposits of tin, silver, zinc and lithium.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia/overview |website=World Bank |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The country has a culturally diverse population shaped by Indigenous civilizations, Spanish colonial rule and later migration. The 2009 constitution defines Bolivia as a plurinational, intercultural, decentralized state with autonomies and recognizes political, economic, legal, cultural and linguistic pluralism.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitution of 2009 of the Plurinational State of Bolivia |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/5430 |website=WIPO Lex |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> According to Bolivia's 2024 Population and Housing Census, 11,365,333 people were counted in the country, of whom about 69 percent lived in urban areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo Bolivia 2024: Datos y Estadísticas Clave |url=https://cpv2024.ine.gob.bo/ |website=Censo de Población y Vivienda 2024 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Name ==

The name ''Bolivia'' was adopted after independence in honour of [[Simón Bolívar]], one of the principal leaders of the Spanish American independence movements. The territory had commonly been known during the colonial period as [[Upper Peru]], and much of it was administered through the Audiencia of Charcas. After the defeat of Spanish royalist forces in the wider Andean region, representatives of Upper Peru chose to establish a separate country in 1825 rather than join either Peru or the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition/Bolivia |website=Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition via Wikisource |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The constitutional name ''Plurinational State of Bolivia'' reflects the model established by the 2009 constitution, which recognizes the country's Indigenous nations and peoples and its cultural and linguistic diversity.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2009 Constitution |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bolivia_2009 |website=Constitute Project |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Pre-Columbian societies ===

Human settlement in the territory of present-day Bolivia predates European colonization by thousands of years. The central Andes supported a series of complex societies that developed agriculture, trade networks, monumental architecture and political institutions.

Among the most important was the [[Tiwanaku]] culture, whose principal ceremonial and political centre developed near [[Lake Titicaca]]. Tiwanaku became an influential centre in the southern Andes and left major archaeological remains, including monumental stone structures and ceremonial complexes. UNESCO describes the site as evidence of a civilization that played an important role in the development of pre-Hispanic Andean society.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/2449 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

In the centuries before the Spanish conquest, significant parts of the western Bolivian highlands became incorporated into the [[Inca Empire]]. Indigenous societies including Aymara- and Quechua-speaking communities remained important parts of the region's population and social organization after the colonial conquest.

=== Spanish colonial period ===

Spanish forces entered the central Andes during the 16th century. The discovery and exploitation of major silver deposits at [[Potosí]] transformed the region into one of the most economically important parts of the Spanish Empire in South America. Mining relied heavily on Indigenous labour and connected the region to wider imperial trade networks.

Colonial rule also brought Christianity, European political institutions and new forms of landholding. At the same time, Indigenous languages, religious traditions and community structures continued and often blended with Catholic practices. In eastern Bolivia, Jesuit missionaries established settlements in the Chiquitos region between the late 17th and 18th centuries. Six surviving mission ensembles are recognized by UNESCO for combining European Christian architecture with local traditions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/529 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Resistance to Spanish rule included major Indigenous uprisings as well as independence movements that emerged across Spanish America in the early 19th century.

=== Independence and the 19th century ===

Following years of warfare in Upper Peru and the defeat of Spanish royalist forces elsewhere in the Andes, an assembly of representatives declared the territory an independent state on 6 August 1825. The new republic took its name from Simón Bolívar, while [[Antonio José de Sucre]] became one of its first national leaders.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition/Bolivia |website=Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition via Wikisource |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The 19th century was marked by political instability, changes of government, disputes over borders and competition for control of natural resources. Bolivia lost its Pacific coastline to Chile following the [[War of the Pacific]] in the late 19th century and has remained landlocked since then.

Mining continued to be central to the economy, with silver and later tin becoming important export commodities. Political and economic power was concentrated among relatively small groups, while much of the Indigenous rural population remained outside formal political participation.

=== Twentieth century ===

The [[Chaco War]] between Bolivia and Paraguay, fought during the 1930s, had major political and social consequences. Dissatisfaction with the country's political structure later contributed to the 1952 National Revolution led by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement. Reforms associated with that period included universal suffrage, agrarian reform, the nationalization of major tin mines and efforts to expand education and state institutions into rural areas.

From the 1960s into the early 1980s, Bolivia experienced repeated military interventions and periods of authoritarian government. Civilian constitutional government was restored in the 1980s.

Economic reforms during the late 20th century reduced the state's direct role in parts of the economy, while social movements increasingly focused on Indigenous rights, control of natural resources, land, water and political representation.

=== Plurinational era ===

[[Evo Morales]] took office as president in 2006 following an election in which his Movement for Socialism became a major national political force. His government expanded the role of the state in important sectors of the economy and promoted a constitutional reform process.

A new constitution was approved in a national referendum in January 2009 and promulgated on 7 February 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitución Política del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia |url=https://biblioteca.minedu.gob.bo/biblio/book/59946 |website=Ministerio de Educación de Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> It formally established Bolivia as a ''Unitary Social State of Plurinational Communitarian Law'', recognized various forms of territorial autonomy and strengthened constitutional recognition of Indigenous nations and peoples.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2009 Constitution |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bolivia_2009 |website=Constitute Project |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Bolivia underwent a major political crisis following the disputed 2019 presidential election. A new election was held in 2020, after which [[Luis Arce]] became president.

In the 2025 presidential election, senator [[Rodrigo Paz Pereira]] won the second-round vote against former president Jorge Quiroga. Paz took office on 8 November 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Centrist Rodrigo Paz wins Bolivian presidency, ending nearly 20 years of leftist rule |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/bolivia-votes-runoff-election-marking-pro-market-shift-us-embrace-2025-10-19/ |website=Reuters |date=19 October 2025 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Presidente de Bolivia |url=https://presidencia.gob.bo/index.php/presidente-de-bolivia/ |website=Presidencia del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> Edmand Lara was elected vice president on the same ticket.<ref>{{cite web |title=Comunicado sobre las elecciones nacionales |url=https://www.cepb.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/COMUNICADO-DE-LA-CEPB-SOBRE-LAS-ELECCIONES-NACIONALES-VF.pdf |website=Confederación de Empresarios Privados de Bolivia |date=19 October 2025 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Geography ==

Bolivia lies near the centre of South America and has no coastline. Its terrain changes sharply from the high mountains and plateaus of the west to subtropical valleys and extensive eastern lowlands.

The western part of the country contains two major branches of the Andes with the [[Altiplano]] between them. This high plateau includes important population centres as well as Lake Titicaca, which Bolivia shares with Peru. The surrounding mountain region contains several high peaks and volcanoes.

Southwest Bolivia contains the [[Salar de Uyuni]], a vast salt flat formed from the remnants of prehistoric lakes. The region contains extensive salt and mineral deposits, including lithium-bearing brines.

East and northeast of the Andes, the land descends into valleys and broad plains connected to the Amazon Basin. Other ecosystems include the dry forests and savannas of the Chiquitanía and the Gran Chaco in the southeast.

Bolivia's location and elevation differences create climates ranging from cold high-altitude conditions to tropical and subtropical environments. The World Bank identifies droughts, floods and large forest fires among the country's significant climate-related risks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia/overview |website=World Bank |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

=== Biodiversity and protected areas ===

Bolivia contains ecosystems ranging from Amazonian rainforest and cloud forest to wetlands, dry forest, savanna and high-altitude grasslands. One of its internationally recognized protected areas is [[Noel Kempff Mercado National Park]] in the Santa Cruz department.

UNESCO describes the park as one of the largest and most intact protected areas in the Amazon Basin. Its habitats include evergreen forest, palm forest, cerrado, wetlands, savannas and semi-deciduous forest, supporting thousands of plant species and more than 600 recorded bird species.<ref>{{cite web |title=Noel Kempff Mercado National Park |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/967 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Government and politics ==

Bolivia is governed under the Constitution of 2009. The constitution defines the country as free, independent, sovereign, democratic, intercultural, decentralized and autonomous, while recognizing political, economic, legal, cultural and linguistic pluralism.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitution of 2009 of the Plurinational State of Bolivia |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/5430 |website=WIPO Lex |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Public power is divided among the executive, legislative, judicial and electoral organs. The constitution provides for direct and participatory democracy, representative democracy and forms of community democracy associated with Indigenous peoples.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitución Política del Estado |url=https://www.senapi.gob.bo/normativas/constitucion-politica-del-estado/constitucion-politica-del-estado-plurinacional-de-bolivia |website=Servicio Nacional de Propiedad Intelectual |publisher=Government of Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The president serves as head of state and head of government. As of September 2026, the president is Rodrigo Paz Pereira, who assumed office on 8 November 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Presidente de Bolivia |url=https://presidencia.gob.bo/index.php/presidente-de-bolivia/ |website=Presidencia del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> The vice president is Edmand Lara.

The national legislature is the [[Plurinational Legislative Assembly]], which consists of two chambers. Bolivia also has departmental, municipal and Indigenous autonomous institutions within the framework established by the constitution.

Sucre is constitutionally designated as the capital of Bolivia. La Paz contains the principal offices of the executive and legislative branches and functions as the country's administrative seat.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitución Política del Estado |url=https://www.senapi.gob.bo/normativas/constitucion-politica-del-estado/constitucion-politica-del-estado-plurinacional-de-bolivia |website=Servicio Nacional de Propiedad Intelectual |publisher=Government of Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Administrative divisions ==

Bolivia is divided into nine departments:

* [[Beni Department|Beni]]
* [[Chuquisaca Department|Chuquisaca]]
* [[Cochabamba Department|Cochabamba]]
* [[La Paz Department|La Paz]]
* [[Oruro Department|Oruro]]
* [[Pando Department|Pando]]
* [[Potosí Department|Potosí]]
* [[Santa Cruz Department|Santa Cruz]]
* [[Tarija Department|Tarija]]

The 2024 census counted Santa Cruz as the most populous department, followed closely by La Paz. Cochabamba ranked third.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo Bolivia 2024: población según departamento |url=https://cpv2024.ine.gob.bo/ |website=Censo de Población y Vivienda 2024 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Economy ==

Bolivia is classified by the World Bank as a lower-middle-income economy. Mining, hydrocarbons, agriculture, manufacturing, commerce and services are important parts of national economic activity.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia/overview |website=World Bank |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The country possesses significant natural resources. Mineral production includes zinc, silver and tin, while Bolivia also has large lithium resources associated particularly with salt flats in the southwest. Natural gas was for many years a major source of export earnings and public revenue.

Agriculture varies greatly by region. Products include soybeans, sugarcane, maize, potatoes, quinoa, coffee, Brazil nuts and livestock products. The eastern lowlands, especially Santa Cruz, form an important centre of commercial agriculture.

Bolivia benefited from high commodity prices during the early 21st century. After the commodity boom weakened after 2014, continued public spending and declining hydrocarbon production contributed to increasing fiscal pressures, falling international reserves and foreign-exchange difficulties.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia/overview |website=World Bank |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

World Bank data placed Bolivia's gross domestic product at about US$64.8 billion in 2025, with GDP per capita at about US$5,148. The same dataset recorded a contraction in real GDP during 2025 and consumer-price inflation of 19.5 percent for that year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia |url=https://data.worldbank.org/country/bolivia |website=World Bank Data |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

During 2026, the government pursued a stabilization program amid foreign-currency shortages, fiscal deficits and low liquid international reserves. In September, Bolivia's legislature approved a US$1.9 billion agreement with the [[International Monetary Fund]] under an Extended Fund Facility, subject to the IMF's approval process.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia approves $1.9 billion IMF deal in hopes of accessing external financing |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/bolivia-approves-19-billion-imf-deal-hopes-accessing-external-financing-2026-09-18/ |website=Reuters |date=18 September 2026 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> President Paz also announced the end of the state diesel subsidy as part of changes intended to address fuel shortages and fiscal pressure.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia scraps diesel subsidy to combat fuel shortages |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/bolivia-scraps-diesel-subsidy-combat-fuel-shortages-2026-09-19/ |website=Reuters |date=19 September 2026 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Demographics ==

The 2024 Population and Housing Census counted 11,365,333 people in Bolivia. Of these, 5,682,498 were men and 5,682,835 were women. About 7.85 million people, or 69 percent of the counted population, lived in urban areas, while approximately 3.52 million lived in rural areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=INE presenta resultados del Censo 2024 que muestran la transformación demográfica y avances sociales en Bolivia |url=https://cpv2024.ine.gob.bo/index.php/ine-presenta-resultados-del-censo-2024-que-muestran-la-transformacion-demografica-y-avances-sociales-en-bolivia/ |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |date=28 August 2025 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The census also indicated a long-term demographic shift toward an older population. People aged 0–14 represented 27 percent of the population in 2024, compared with 38.7 percent in 2001, while the proportion aged 65 and above increased to 7.4 percent.<ref>{{cite web |title=INE presenta resultados del Censo 2024 que muestran la transformación demográfica y avances sociales en Bolivia |url=https://cpv2024.ine.gob.bo/index.php/ine-presenta-resultados-del-censo-2024-que-muestran-la-transformacion-demografica-y-avances-sociales-en-bolivia/ |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |date=28 August 2025 |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Bolivia has one of the largest Indigenous populations in Latin America. Government analysis of the 2024 census reported that approximately 4.3 million people, or 38.7 percent of the national population, identified with an Indigenous native peasant nation or people or as Afro-Bolivian.<ref>{{cite web |title=Resumen de la Evaluación Social |url=https://economiayfinanzas.gob.bo/sites/default/files/2025-12/17.12.25%20PPPI%20PEPE%20CC_1.pdf |website=Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Languages ==

Spanish is widely used throughout Bolivia, but the country is also home to numerous Indigenous languages. The constitution recognizes Spanish and a large group of Indigenous languages as official languages of the state. Among the most widely spoken Indigenous languages are [[Quechua]], [[Aymara]] and [[Guaraní]].

The constitution requires the plurinational government and departmental governments to use at least two official languages, one of which must be Spanish, with the other chosen according to local use and circumstances.<ref>{{cite web |title=Constitución Política del Estado |url=https://www.senapi.gob.bo/normativas/constitucion-politica-del-estado/constitucion-politica-del-estado-plurinacional-de-bolivia |website=Servicio Nacional de Propiedad Intelectual |publisher=Government of Bolivia |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Religion ==

Christianity, particularly Roman Catholicism, has had a major historical influence on Bolivian society since the colonial period. Protestant and evangelical churches have also grown, while Indigenous religious traditions remain important in many communities.

Bolivian cultural and religious practices often combine Catholic and Indigenous elements. This blending is visible in festivals, local rituals, music, dance and religious art. The Constitution of 2009 guarantees freedom of religion and separates the state from religion.

== Education and health ==

Access to education expanded considerably during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. According to the Pan American Health Organization's country profile, average years of schooling rose to 9.8 years by 2020, while the reported literacy rate reached 99.5 percent in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia - Country Profile |url=https://hia.paho.org/en/country-profiles/bolivia |website=Health in the Americas |publisher=Pan American Health Organization |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Health indicators have also changed substantially. PAHO reported life expectancy at birth of 68.7 years in 2024, compared with 62.1 years in 2000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia - Country Profile |url=https://hia.paho.org/en/country-profiles/bolivia |website=Health in the Americas |publisher=Pan American Health Organization |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref> Access to healthcare varies between urban areas and remote rural communities, particularly in mountainous and Amazonian regions.

== Culture ==

Bolivian culture reflects the interaction of Indigenous civilizations, Spanish colonial traditions, African influences and later migration. Regional differences are pronounced between the Andean highlands, valleys, Amazonian areas, eastern lowlands and the Chaco.

Traditional clothing, textile production, weaving, ceramics, music and dance remain significant in many communities. Indigenous languages and community festivals form an important part of local cultural identity.

The [[Carnival of Oruro]] is one of Bolivia's best-known cultural celebrations. UNESCO inscribed it on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008 after it had originally been proclaimed in 2001. The festival combines Indigenous traditions with Christian religious practices and features thousands of dancers and musicians.<ref>{{cite web |title=Carnival of Oruro |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/lists?RL=00003 |website=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

Bolivia had ten elements listed by UNESCO under its Intangible Cultural Heritage programs by 2025, including the Carnival of Oruro, the Andean cosmovision of the Kallawaya, Pujllay and Ayarichi music and dances, ritual journeys during Alasita, the Gran Poder festival in La Paz and the Festivity of the Virgen of Guadalupe in Sucre.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of): Elements on the Lists |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bolivia-plurinational-state-of-BO?info=elements-on-the-lists |website=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== World Heritage Sites ==

Bolivia has seven properties on the [[UNESCO World Heritage Site|UNESCO World Heritage List]]. Six are cultural sites and one is a natural property.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bo |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

The cultural properties are:

* [[City of Potosí]]
* [[Historic City of Sucre]]
* [[Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos]]
* [[Fuerte de Samaipata]]
* [[Tiwanaku]]
* [[Qhapaq Ñan]], the Andean Road System

The country's natural World Heritage property is [[Noel Kempff Mercado National Park]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bo |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=26 September 2026}}</ref>

== Sport ==

[[Association football]] is one of the most widely followed sports in Bolivia. The country's national team has participated in international competitions including the [[FIFA World Cup]] and [[Copa América]]. Matches played at the high altitude of La Paz are a distinctive feature of Bolivian football.

Other sports practiced in the country include basketball, volleyball, cycling, athletics, tennis and racquetball. Traditional and regional sporting activities are also held as part of local festivals and community events.

== See also ==

* [[South America]]
* [[Andes]]
* [[Altiplano]]
* [[History of Bolivia]]
* [[Culture of Bolivia]]
* [[Economy of Bolivia]]
* [[Geography of Bolivia]]
* [[Demographics of Bolivia]]
* [[List of cities in Bolivia]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://presidencia.gob.bo/ Presidency of the Plurinational State of Bolivia]
* [https://www.ine.gob.bo/ National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia]
* [https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia Bolivia at the World Bank]
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bo Bolivia at the UNESCO World Heritage Centre]

[[Category:Bolivia]]
[[Category:Countries in South America]]
[[Category:Landlocked countries]]
[[Category:Spanish-speaking countries]]
[[Category:South American countries]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1825]]

Bolivia - Revision history

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HumptyDumpty: Creating Draft:Bolivia

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